Swachh Bharat Abhiyaan: The Road Ahead

Yethulwa ngaphansi kokuqondisa komuntu siqu kaNdunankulu waseNdiya ngo-2014, uSwachh Bharat Abhiyaan ube nesandla esikhulu ekuguquleni isimo sokukhucululwa kwendle eNdiya.

Uma isifake ingxenye yomthwalo womhlaba wokuzikhulula, okubi nakakhulu kunezizwe ezimpofu njengeRwanda, Kenya, Bangladesh, kanye nePakistan, i-India manje isivulekile ngokusemthethweni i-defecation-free (ODF).

I-Swachh Bharat Mission - i-Gramin ifanelwe ukukhulunywa ngokukhethekile lapha njengoba ukuthuthwa kwendle kwaba inselele enkulu okufanele bayinqobe, ngenxa yemikhuba yakudala yasemakhaya e-India.

I-SBM-G isiguqule imikhuba yokukhucululwa kwendle kubantu abangaphezu kwezigidi ezingamakhulu ayisithupha asebeqale ukusebenzisa izindlu zangasese.

Umthelela we-SBM-G ubonakala ngokusobala - the World Health Organisation kusho ngo-2018 ukuthi lolu hlelo luzosiza ekuvimbeleni ukufa kwabantu abangaphezu kuka-3,00,000 phakathi kuka-2014 no-2019.

Uhlelo lokuguqula indlela yokuziphatha, ngaphezu kwanoma yini enye, i-SBM-G isindisa izimpilo, ivikela isithunzi, futhi isiza imindeni yasezigodini ze-Open Defecation Free (ODF) yonge isamba semali esetshenziswa ezimeni zezokwelapha ezifana nesifo sohudo nokungondleki okuba khona ngenxa yokuphumela obala.

I-UNICEF iphinde yahlola ukuthi amadolobhana e-ODF anethuba eliphansi ngokuphindwe ka-11.25 lokungcoliswa kwemithombo yamanzi angaphansi komhlaba.

Inhloso ye-Swachh Bharat Mission - I-Urban bekungekona nje ukuqeda indle evulekile e-India yasemadolobheni, kodwa futhi nokuphatha ngokwesayensi udoti kamasipala nokuqeda ukudotshwa ngezandla ngokuphelele.

Amadolobha aminyene futhi anabantu abaningi enza ukuphatha imfucuza kube nzima kakhulu, futhi izindlela ezintsha nemikhiqizo kudingeka yakhelwe le njongo.

Umgomo wokwenza i-India Open Defecation Free (ODF), ebibonakala ingenakunqotshwa, isifezekile.

Kuyingqopha-mlando enkulu, kodwa kunomsebenzi omningi odingekayo ukuze kugcinwe umphumela walo msebenzi.

I-ODF-Sustainability inselele enkulu njengokuthi, uma ingenkulu kune, ukwenza i-India ODF.

Umlenze wesibili wale mishini udinga ukugxila kwezempilo yomphakathi engcono kanye nokuphathwa komasipala emazingeni aphansi.

Kunezivimbamgwaqo ezimbalwa zokulawulwa kwemfucuza ezindaweni zasemakhaya nasemadolobheni.

Ukwakhiwa kwezindlu zangasese ngaphandle kwamasu okulawula imfucuza ekugcineni kuholele ekutheni izindlu zangasese zingasebenzi.

Kunezindaba ezengeziwe njengokungatholakali kwamanzi, ukuntula ukwazi, kanye namagebe engqalasizinda.

Lokhu kuholela ekubuyeleni ekuvulekeni kokuzikhulula.

Lokhu kuvula inqwaba yezinkinga, kanye nokusabalala kwezifo.

Ukukhipha indle obala kanye nokulahlwa ngendlela engafanele kwemfucuza yabantu enganakiwe nakho kuxhumene nokuqubuka kwezifo eziwubhadane.

Ezweni lasemadolobheni, ukulungiswa okungafanele kwethangi le-septic ezindlini zangasese zomphakathi kuholela ekwakhekeni kodaka kanye nephunga elibi ukukhululwa.

Amasu amanje abandakanya ukupompa udaka oluqoqiwe kusetshenziswa amaloli adonsa i-vacuum.

Nokho, uma kubhekwa indawo enyinyekile yalezi zindlu zangasese emadolobheni, lamaloli ngokuvamile awakwazi ukufinyelela kuwo ngokomzimba.

Lokhu kuholela ekulahlweni kwendlu yangasese.

Kudingeka imali eningi ukuze kwakhiwe kabusha izindlu zangasese njengoba ukwakha kuhlale kubiza.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukusetshenziswa ngempumelelo kwalezi zindlu zangasese kuncike ekutholakaleni kwamanzi kanye nesakhiwo esifanele, izindaba ezingakaxazululwa kahle kuzo zonke izifunda.

Ezindaweni zasemaphandleni, amathangi e-septic ngokuvamile enziwa ngaphandle kwamakamelo anele noma imigodi yokucwilisa, okuholela ekungeneni kwamanzi amnyama angahlanzekile emanzini angaphansi komhlaba futhi awangcolise ngamagciwane abangela izifo.

Nakuba inani lezindlu zangasese ezakhiwayo lituseka, akunakwa ukukhuthaza ushintsho ekuziphatheni nasekuhleleni okuphelele ngesikhathi sokwakhiwa.

Inhloso ye-Swachh Bharat Mission yayihambisana ne-Global Sustainable Development Agenda 2030, okuhloswe ngayo ukwenza inhlanzeko elinganayo kanye nokukhucululwa kwendle kufinyeleleke kubo bonke.

I-Swachh Bharat, noma i-Clean India, manje idinga ukuqhubeka ibheke e-Swasth Bharat noma i-Health India.

Umphumela walolu hlelo kanye nenhlanzeko iyonke kufanele iholele empilweni engcono.

Izigameko zikamalaleveva kanye nesifo sohudo ezinganeni ezincane sezivele zehlile, kanti ucwaningo olwenziwe yi-UNICEF luphinde lwathi ukungcoliswa komhlabathi, amanzi nokudla kwehlile ngemuva kwe-SBM.

Nakuba ukwakhiwa kwezindlu zangasese kwenziwe ngendlela efanele, ukuphathwa kukadoti, okuyingxenye yesibili yohlelo, akunakwa.

Kudingeka kube nesicelo esicacile sokwelashwa okuzinzile kwe-situ kanye nobuchwepheshe bokunakekelwa okungabhekana nalezi zinkinga.

Ukwelashwa kwamanzi e-in situ, noma ukwelashwa kwamanzi okudosa okuqondile, ukuxutshwa okuqondile kwama-reagents emzimbeni wamanzi esikhundleni sokwelapha amanzi ngokuwampompa endaweni yokwelapha.

Kumathani ayi-150,000 kadoti kamasipala akhiqizwa nsuku zonke eNdiya, ngaphansi kuka-30% kuyalashwa.

Ukuphathwa kukadoti, ukwelashwa kwamanzi angcolile, ukuphathwa kodaka lwe-fecal, njll., kuyizingxenye ezengeziwe ezidinga ukubhekwana nazo ngempumelelo ukuze kugcinwe uhlelo lokukhucululwa kwendle.

Indaba yokusimama inezikhala ezithile okufanele zigcwaliswe ukuze kufezwe inhlanzeko nempilo ephezulu kanye nezimpahla ze-SBM zihlale zisebenza futhi zigcinwe kahle.

Kulapho kuphela lapho i-India ingakwazi ukushintshela ku-ODF+ futhi ekugcineni i-ODF++ ibe nesimo.

I-Organica Biotech ihlanganiswe nomsebenzi weSizwe wokuzuza isimo se-ODF++.

Ubuchwepheshe bethu bokulawula udaka lwe-fecal buye banikezwa uMnyango Wezamanzi Okuphuza Nokuthuthwa Kwendle, Uhulumeni wase-India.

Ezingeni eliphansi, umsebenzi wethu Wokuthuthwa Kwendle Emadolobheni uhlolwe yi-TISS.

Siyaqhubeka nokusebenzisana nabantu ngabanye, omasipala, izinhlangano ezizimele, izinhlangano, kanye noHulumeni ngokufanayo ukuze siqinisekise ukuthi ubuchwepheshe bufinyelela labo ababudinga kakhulu.

I-Bioclean BD iwumkhiqizo wokwelapha ithangi oklanyelwe ngokukhethekile ukuqukatha amagciwane angakwazi ukucekela phansi ngokuphelele indle.

Amabhaktheriya angakhula kahle ezimweni zezulu ezinzima, futhi, aphule udaka, futhi anciphise ukwakheka kwawo, avimbele ukuminyanisa okuzayo.

Iphinde iqede iphunga elibi futhi ilawule ukusabalala kwamagciwane.

Ama-Bioclean Biotoilets aqinile, kulula ukuwafaka, futhi awadingi noma yikuphi ukulungiswa.

Njengoba imelana namakhemikhali nokugqwala, ihlala isikhathi eside futhi iyindlela engcono kakhulu kunezindlu zangasese zikasimende nezindlu zangasese zomgodi, eziminyanisa ngaphandle kwama-biodigester afanele futhi zingcolise namanzi angaphansi komhlaba.

Izakhi ezingekho zokusimama kwe-ODF zingaphikisa inqubekelaphambili esiye yazuzwa eminyakeni embalwa edlule ngomzamo omkhulu kanye nokutshalwa kwezimali.

Kubalulekile ukubheka izixazululo eziqinisekisa ukuthi le phrojekthi ngempela iba yimpumelelo eyisibonelo eNdiya.