I-Aquaculture ibe nokukhula okunamandla emashumini ambalwa eminyaka edlule, evela njengomthombo obalulekile wamaprotheni kubantu bethu abakhula njalo emhlabeni.
Phakathi kwentuthuko eminingi kule mboni, ama-probiotics ezinhlanzi kanye nezimfanzi aquaculture abonise amandla amangalisayo ekwandiseni umkhiqizo, ukuthuthukisa impilo, kanye nokunciphisa umthelela wemvelo.
Sekuyisikhathi eside ama-probiotics esetshenziswa emikhakheni yezempilo yabantu neyezilwane. Kusezikhathini zamuva nje abenze uphawu lwabo emkhakheni wezokufuywa kwezilwane zasemanzini, beguqula indlela esilima ngayo izilwane zasemanzini.
Uhlu lwethu olubanzi lwama-probiotics ezinhlanzi kanye nezimfanzi aquaculture akhiwe ngokwesayensi futhi ahlolwe ngokuqinile. Aklanyelwe ukuthuthukisa indawo yasemanzini, akunike amandla okugcina impilo engcono esitokweni sakho futhi uthuthukise ukukhiqizwa kwakho kuyilapho unikela ekuzimeni okuzinzile, okunomthwalo wemfanelo wokufuywa kwezilwane zasemanzini.
Bopha amandla emvelo ngama-probiotics, futhi uvule amandla aphelele okusebenza kwakho kwe-aquaculture nge:
Ama-probiotics asetshenziselwa ukulima kwezilwane zasemanzini ukukhuthaza amazinga okukhula kwezinhlobo ezitshalwayo. Abanye bakholelwa ukuthi le mikhiqizo ingavusa isifiso sokudla, kanti abanye bakholelwa ukuthi ithuthukisa ukugayeka kokudla ezinhlanzini. Ucwaningo olwengeziwe luyadingeka ukuphetha ama-probiotics kanye ne-aquaculture.
Ukusetshenziswa kwama-Probiotics kwezolimo zasemanzini kuphindwe kaningi. Ama-probiotics asebenza ngokusebenza njengemithombo yezakhamzimba, ehlinzeka ngama-enzyme okugaya kangcono, ukulungisa isimiso somzimba sokuzivikela ezifweni, nokwandisa impendulo yokuzivikela komzimba ngokumelene namagciwane e-pathogenic. Ama-probiotics ajwayeleke kakhulu e-aquaculture ahlanganisa amagciwane e-lactic acid afana ne-Lactobacillus-sp., Bacillus-sp., Enterococcus-sp., ne-yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
Ama-probiotics angasiza ekuthuthukiseni impilo yezinhlanzi ngokuzinikeza amagciwane amahle. Ama-probiotics angasetshenziswa ngokuqondile emanzini amasiko noma ahlanganiswe ne-inoculum yamanzi aluhlaza. Lesi sakamuva siwukungena kwe-microalgae ekugxilweni okuphezulu, okuvame ukusetshenziselwa isiko lezinhlanzi ekudleni
Ama-probiotics angakwazi ukuthuthukisa impilo ye-shrimp e-aquaculture ngokuthuthukisa izinga lamanzi, ukukhuthaza ukugayeka kokudla kanye nokumuncwa kwezakhi, kukhuphule ukusebenza kwamasosha omzimba, ukuncintisana namagciwane kanye nokunciphisa ukucindezeleka. Ukukhetha uhlobo olufanele lwe-probiotic nokuqinisekisa umthamo ofanele kubalulekile ukuze kuthuthukiswe lezi zinzuzo.
Ama-probiotics e-aquaculture angasetshenziswa kanje: - Thatha amalitha ayi-10 amanzi echibi ahlanzekile. - Faka inani elidingekayo lama-aquaculture probiotics bese uxuba kahle - Gcoba utshwala kulo lonke echibini - Ukuze uthole imiphumela engcono, sebenzisa ama-aquaculture probiotics njalo ezinsukwini ezingu-7 kuze kuvunwe.
Ekulimeni kwezimfanzi, kusetshenziswa izinhlobo ezimbili zama-probiotics: ama-probiotics amanzi kanye nama-gut probiotics. Ama-probiotics amanzi athuthukisa ikhwalithi yamanzi ngokubhekana nokuwohloka kwezinto eziphilayo, ibhalansi ye-pH, amazinga omoya-mpilo ancibilikisiwe, nokunciphisa i-ammonia. I-Gut probiotics ithuthukisa ukukhula kwezimfanzi ngokwenza ngcono isilinganiso sokuguqulwa kokuphakelayo (FCR), ukuqinisa ukungatheleleki, nokugcina impilo yamathumbu. Lawa ma-probiotics adlala indima ebalulekile ekukhuthazeni izindlela zokulima ezisimeme kanye nokuqinisekisa impilo esezingeni eliphezulu nezimfanzi.
Ama-probiotics asetshenziswa ekulimeni izimfanzi ukukhulisa impilo nokukhiqiza kwezimfanzi. Babuyisela ibhalansi ye-gut microbiota ephazanyiswe yizici ezifana nesifo nokucindezeleka. Lokhu kuthuthukisa uhlelo lokugaya ukudla okunempilo, kuthuthukisa ukumuncwa kwezakhi kanye nokukhula kwezimfanzi. Ama-probiotics nawo anezindawo zokulwa namagciwane, anciphisa isidingo sama-antibiotics ekulimeni.
Ukusebenzisa ama-probiotics ku-shrimp aquaculture kukhuthaza ukulinganisela kwe-gut microbiota, kuthuthukise ukugaya, ukumuncwa kwezakhi, kanye nempilo yonke yezimfanzi. Izakhiwo zabo zokulwa namagciwane zinciphisa izingozi zokutheleleka, zinciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwama-antibiotic ekulimeni okuqhubekayo. Ama-probiotics abuye athuthukise izinga lamanzi ngokunciphisa imfucuza yezinto eziphilayo kanye namagciwane ayingozi, okunikela ezimweni ezikahle zokukhula kwezimfanzi. Sekukonke, ama-probiotics adlala indima ebalulekile ekwandiseni umkhiqizo ngenkathi enciphisa umthelela wemvelo emvelweni wezilwane zasemanzini.
Ama-probiotics anciphisa amabhaktheriya emapulazini e-shrimp ngokusebenzisa ukuncintisana kokuncintisana, ukuhlala kumasayithi okunamathiselwe futhi avimbele ukukhula kwe-pathogenic ngama-antimicrobial compounds. Ziphinde ziqinise ukuphendula kwamasosha omzimba emfucumfucu, zisize ekumelaneni nezifo ezibangelwa amagciwane. Ukwengeza, ama-probiotics akhuthaza ukukhula kwamabhaktheriya anenzuzo, okwenza ibhalansi ye-microbial enempilo. Lezi zindlela zihlangene zifaka isandla ekwehliseni umthamo wamagciwane, okuthuthukisa imiphumela yezempilo ethuthukisiwe ekufuyweni kwezimfanzi.
Ama-probiotics anamandla okuthuthukisa isimo sokuzivikela komzimba kanye nokusebenza kwezinhlanzi ezifuywayo. Iningi lalawa ma-probiotics ezinhlanzi ahlukanisiwe nemvelo. Ngakho-ke ziphephe ngokuphelele futhi azinayo i-pathogenicity. Ngenkathi ukhetha ama-probiotics ezinhlanzi, kuyanconywa ukuthi uhlale uhlola isitifiketi se-GRAS.
I-Fish Probiotics iqukethe i-microorganisms eyodwa noma ngaphezulu ephilayo, eye yasungulwa ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukutshalwa kwezinto eziphilayo zasemanzini. Ama-probiotics ezinhlanzi angasetshenziswa njengesengezo sokudla esifakwe ngqo ku-tank yesiko noma sixutshwe nokudla. Lezi zivame ukufakwa ngezikhathi ezithile ukuze kuqinisekiswe inani elidingekayo lamabhaktheriya amahle emachibini asolwandle noma amathangi.
Nge-Biofloc Fish Farming, udinga lokhu okulandelayo: - Ukumiswa kwamathangi noma echibini - I-Aeration - Amagciwane anenzuzo ngaphambi kokuhlwanyela - Ukukhethwa kwezinhlobo zezilwane nokuminyana kwesitoko - Ukuqapha nokulawula ukuthuthukiswa kwe-biofloc
Ama-probiotics angasetshenziswa ngokuqondile emanzini echibi ngokuhlanganisa nje inani elidingekayo lama-probiotics namalitha ayi-100 amanzi ahlanzekile bese uwagcoba echibini noma ethangini lezinhlanzi. Ama-probiotics angasiza ekuthuthukiseni impilo yezinhlanzi ngokuzinikeza indawo engcono yechibi engenawo amagesi ayingozi njenge-Ammonia, i-Hydrogen Sulphide, nezinye imfucuza yemvelo.
Izindlela ezehlukene zingasetshenziswa ukulawula amathumbu ezitshalo zasemanzini ngendlela enobungani nendawo ezungezile. Lokhu kufaka phakathi ukusebenzisa izinhlanganisela zemvelo ezifana nama-probiotics, ama-prebiotics, ama-organic acid, ama-yeast extracts, nama-phytobiotics. Lezi zinhlanganisela zisebenza ngempumelelo ekuguquleni i-microflora ekubunjweni okufunayo.
Ukuqhakaza kwe-algal kubhubhisa impilo yasemanzini ngokwakha ubuthi obuyingozi ezinhlanzini nakwezinye izilwane. Ngisho noma i-algal blooms ingenabo ubuthi, ingaba nomthelela omubi ezimpilweni zasemanzini ngokuvimbela ukukhanya kwelanga nokuvala amazinyo ezinhlanzi.
I-Pisciculture iyinqubo yokukhulisa izinhlanzi ngenjongo yokuhweba noma yasekhaya. Kuhilela ukutshala nokunakekela izinhlanzi emachibini noma emathangini bese uthengisa izinhlanzi noma usebenzise imikhiqizo yazo.
