Inkolelo ethi "Antibacterial".

Kwihlabathi eliya lizaliswe zizifo eziphilayo kunye ne-inorganic pathogens ezibeka intaphane yezoyikiso kuye nabani na okanye nantoni na edibana nabo, ayimangalisi into yokuba siphila kumaxesha alungele ukukhuthazwa kunye nokuthengiswa kwe-hyper-sanitization njengendlela emiselweyo yokuphila.

I-Antibacterial yonke into yinto entsha.

Izinto ezilwa ne-antibacterial zaqala ukusetyenziswa kwiindawo ezifana nezibhedlele kunye neebhubhoratri ezifuna umgangatho ophezulu wococeko, ngenxa yobunjani bomsebenzi abawenzayo ngaphakathi kwezi ndawo.

Kodwa njengoko sijonga kwakhona kuyo yonke into esiyaziyo malunga nokucoca kunye neempembelelo zako kwimpilo yethu kunye naleyo yokusingqongileyo, iya icaca ngakumbi into yokuba siphila intsomi yokulwa neentsholongwane.

Sivuka kwinto yokuba mhlawumbi yonke indlela yokulwa neebhaktheriya ekucoceni isenza umonakalo omkhulu kunokuba sisazi.

Yimalini Kakhulu?

Ekupheleni kosuku, ii-antibacterial kunye ne-antimicrobials zikhemikhali eziqeshwe ngenjongo engqongqo yokubulala ibhaktheriya kunye ne-microbes.

Njengayo nayiphi na enye imichiza, kufuneka isetyenziswe ngononophelo nangengqondo. Ukusetyenziswa ngokungakhethiyo kunokuba nemiphumo emibi.

Xa iikhemikhali ze-antibacterial zaziswa okokuqala, zanqunyulwa ukuba zisetyenziswe kwiindawo ezifuna ukuvala inzala.

Nangona kunjalo, namhlanje, baye benza indlela yabo kuluhlu lweemveliso, kubandakanywa izisusi ezimanzi, iibhodi zokusika kunye nezinye iiplastiki zasekhaya, izihlalo zangasese, kunye nezinye izincedisi zokuhlambela, iijeli zesandla, kunye nezinye izinto zokuthambisa.

Sikwixesha lokusetyenziswa ngokugqithisileyo kwee-antibacterial.

Ekuqaleni kwe-2016, i-US FDA yaqala ukukhangela kolu setyenziso olungakhethiyo lweekhemikhali ze-antibacterial kwiimveliso, ngokukodwa indlela abaqeshe ngayo i-Triclosan, kwaye yabonisa ukuba abazange bafake izibonelelo zokucoca ezongezelelweyo kwaye banokugqithwa ngokupheleleyo.

Kodwa, akuzange kube sekupheleni kuka-2016 apho i-FDA yakhupha umyalelo wokusetyenziswa ngokukhuselekileyo kweemveliso ze-antibacterial, isityhalela ukuba sibuze ukuba uluvo lokuba imveliso ye-antibacterial ibalulekile okanye ukuba yintsomi nje efanelekileyo yokuthengisa.

I-Triclosan kunye neNgxaki yokuNxhathisa i-Antibiotic

I-Triclosan isetyenziswa kakhulu kwiimveliso ze-antibacterial.

Yi-biocide - into ebulala ibhaktheriya - kunye nesithako esisebenzayo kuluhlu lweemveliso zabathengi ezineempawu ze-germicidal.

Okumangalisayo kukuba, ngelixa ii-antibacterial zithengiswa ngokubonakalayo njengeziyimfuneko kwaye zifuneka kwimpilo yethu, ngoku zinxulunyaniswa nokunyuka kwee-superbugs ngenxa yobukho be-biocides njenge-triclosan eyonakalisa kungekuphela nje impilo yethu kodwa ne-ecosystem yethu, nayo.

Akuphelelanga apho. Namhlanje, ii-superbugs zinxulunyaniswa nokuxhathisa amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane okuphuculwe kukusetyenziswa kakhulu kwamayeza okubulala iintsholongwane, izibulala-ntsholongwane, kunye ne-biocides kwindawo yethu.

Usulelo olufana ne-salmonellosis, inyumoniya, i-gonorrhoea, nesifo sephepha luya lusanda, ngenxa yokuxhathisa okukhulu kwimichiza eyayikhe yasetyenziswa ukulwa nazo, nto leyo eyenza kube nzima nangakumbi ukwakha amayeza anamandla okunyanga.

Ngokuhamba kwexesha, oku kunokuba ngumngeni omkhulu, ngakumbi kumazwe asakhasayo afana neIndiya, elilwela ukujongana nokunyuka kweendleko zonyango.

Izehlo eziphezulu zee-superbugs ngokungenakuthintelwa ziza kunye nokunyuka kokuchasa amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane, oko kuthetha ukuba iindleko eziphezulu zasesibhedlele, ukuhlala ixesha elide, umngcipheko ophezulu wokuqhambuka kobhubhani, kwaye ekugqibeleni izinga lokufa elingenampilo.

Siyilwa Njani Le nto?

Indawo elungileyo yokuqalisa iya kuba kukubuza ngokusisiseko ukuba iikhemikhali ze-antibacterial zifanelwe yindawo ekhayeni lakho, eofisini, okanye kwindawo ekufutshane.

Okokuqala nokuphambili, masiqonde umahluko phakathi kokucoca, ukubulala iintsholongwane, kunye nokuvala iintsholongwane ukuze sibone ukuba yintoni efunekayo kumakhaya ethu.

Okwesibini, masiwuqonde umcimbi wokunganyangeki ngamayeza okubulala iintsholongwane kunye nendlela ukusetyenziswa ngokugqithisileyo kweekhemikhali ezilwa ne-antibacterial kunokuyomeleza.

Ngokufana nokusetyenziswa ngokugqithisileyo kwamayeza okubulala iintsholongwane - iikhemikhali ezibulala iibhaktheriya - zinxulunyaniswa neebhaktheriya eziphuhla ukuxhathisa amayeza, kuyafana nangokusetyenziswa ngokugqithisileyo kweekhemikhali ezilwa neentsholongwane, ezibangela ukuba iibhaktheriya zikhule ukumelana nazo.

Xa ibhaktheriya idibana ngokuphindaphindiweyo ne-antidote yayo ngokuphindaphindiweyo okwaneleyo, inamandla okuphuhlisa iindlela ngaphakathi kwayo ukulwa ne-antidote.

Oku kwenzeka ngenxa yotshintsho lwendalo ngaphakathi kwi-organism enokuthi iyikhusele kwisenzo se-antidote okanye i-neutralizes iyonke, iyenze ingasebenzi nangayiphi na indlela.

Ibhaktiriya ye-morphed, okanye into esiyibiza ngokuba yi-superbug, iba yingozi kuba ngoku inamandla okuphindaphinda kwaye idlulise amandla ayo okuxhathisa amayeza.

Kwimeko yeekhemikhali ze-antibacterial, i-biocide, okufanayo kwenzeka kunye neebhaktheriya ezinobungozi ngaphakathi kwekhaya.

Kungenxa yoko le nto kufuneka silawule ukusetyenziswa kwezinto ezilwa ne-antibacterial ngokupheleleyo.

Ugxininiso olubekwe kwindawo ecocekileyo, ecocekileyo apho uluntu lwangoku, uluntu lwasezidolophini luthanda ukuthathela ingqalelo kwezi ntsuku lunokuba sisizathu sokuba sikule meko namhlanje.

Oku kukwanxulunyaniswa ne-spike yequbuliso kwiimeko ze-asthma ye-allergies kunye neemeko ezifana ne-hay fever okanye i-rhinitis ye-alergic.

I-hygiene Hypothesis yithiyori ebonisa iqondo elinempilo lokuvezwa kwiimeko "ezingcolileyo" ngokuphakathi.

Ibuza imikhwa yangoku yokucoca ngokugqithisileyo kunye nokubulala iintsholongwane kwindawo ehlala kuyo ezisusa zonke iintsholongwane-ezilungileyo nezimbi.

Ithiyori iphinda icele umngeni kwimimiselo yokucoca, ukwenza ityala leenkqubo ezikhuselekileyo, zokucoca kwendalo ezinokuqinisekisa ukuba sikhuselekile kukungalingani okunokwenzeka kwi-biodiversity microbial ebangelwa ukucoca ngokugqithisileyo.

Yaziswa nguNjingalwazi uDavid P Stachan ngeminyaka yoo-1980 ngokusekelwe kuqwalaselo lwakhe lokuba xa abantwana bechanabeke kuluhlu lweentsholongwane, baye bafumana iimeko ezimbalwa zehay fever.

Kwangoko, ukuba sesichengeni okulawulwayo kuye kwanceda ukwakha ukhuseleko kunye namandla okulwa nosulelo xa luhlasela.

Oku kwenza isiseko sophando lwakhe kunye nokufunda malunga nokuba ukuchanabeka kwiimeko ezingacocekanga kunokukhuthaza njani inqanaba elithile lempilo kunye nempilo yabantwana.

Ngokutsho kwe-Hygiene Hypothesis, ukuba kwindawo engena-100% engenazo iintsholongwane kungcono kunokuba kwindawo ecocwayo kusetyenziswa imichiza eyomeleleyo yokulwa neebhaktiriya engapheleli nje ekuhlutheni iintsholongwane ezilungileyo kodwa ingenise imichiza eyingozi kwinkqubo yethu.

Ukudibana nomlinganiselo ophakathi webhaktiriya, ke ngoko, kunokuba yinto elungileyo ekwakheni ukhuseleko kunye nokugcina ulungelelwano olufunekayo kwiintsholongwane ngaphandle nangaphakathi emizimbeni yethu.

Ngamanye amazwi, mhlawumbi kulungile ukuhla kwaye ungcole rhoqo. Lahla intsomi ye-antibacterial kwaye ujonge ezinye, izicoci zendalo endaweni yoko.