I-aquaculture namhlanje yenye yezona zinto zinegalelo elikhulu kwimveliso yokutya yehlabathi. Izibalo zikwacebisa ukuba i-aquaculture lelona candelo likhula ngokukhawuleza xa lithelekiswa nezinye iinkqubo zemveliso yokutya.
NgokweSebe lezokuLoba e-Bangladesh, iyonke imveliso yeentlanzi ngo-2019-2020 yayizizigidi ezi-4.23 zeetoni zee-metric, apho i-2.14 yezigidi zeetoni zavela emanzini.
Ukuhambelana nemfuno, izenzo zokuvelisa i-aquaculture ziye zaqina ngokuhamba kweminyaka.
Ukusetyenziswa kwamayeza okubulala iintsholongwane ukunyusa imveliso kuye kwabonakala kuyinkxalabo enkulu, njengoko malunga ne-70-80% yamayeza okubulala iintsholongwane asetyenziselwa le njongo ingabantu.
Oku akukhokelela nje ekuwohlokeni kwemizimba yamanzi kodwa kudala ukungalingani kwi-gut microbiota, ethi inciphise ukungakhuseleki kwendalo kwentlanzi ekhutshiweyo. Oku kuya kuphelela njengomngcipheko onokubakho kwimpilo yabathengi.
Iiprobiotics ziiseli ze-microbial eziphilayo ezinceda ekuphuculeni izinga lokugonywa kwendalo kunye nefuthe elihle ekukhuleni kweentlanzi kunye nokuzala.
Iiprobiotics kwi-aquaculture inokuphelisa ukuxhomekeka kwi-antibiotics, igxininise ngakumbi ekugcineni nokuphucula umgangatho wendawo yokukhulisa kunye nokukhusela intlanzi kwiingozi zebhayoloji. Ukusetyenziswa kweeprobiotics kwi-aquaculture kunokuqhuba izenzo ezizinzileyo ze-aquaculture.
Iiprobiotics kwi-aquaculture ziququzelela ukuveliswa kwee-enzymes zokwetyisa okungcono kunye nokulungelelanisa amajoni omzimba ukulwa ne-pathogenic bacteria. I-colonizes amathumbu, inqanda ikholoni yeebhaktheriya ze-pathogenic. Iiprobiotic eziphilayo zidla zonke izondlo eziyimfuneko, zingashiyi nto ukuba iintsholongwane ziphile.
Kukwayimfuneko ukusebenzisa iiprobiotics ezifanelekileyo kwiintlanzi zasemanzini ngokuxhomekeke kwiintlobo zeentlanzi kunye nobukhulu. Iprobiotic inokongezwa yodwa okanye ngokudibanisa uhlobo oluthile.
Iingenelo zeprobiotics kwiintlanzi kwi-aquaculture zingqina ukuba ziyeyona ndlela ifanelekileyo kumayeza okubulala iintsholongwane kunye neekhemikhali.
Thina kwi-Organica Biotech singabatshintshi bakho bomdlalo. Uluhlu lwethu lweeprobiotics ludibaniso oluntsonkothileyo lwee-microbes kunye nee-enzymes eziphucula iimeko zokukhulisa kwaye zonyuse izinga lempilo kunye nokukhula.
Izisombululo zethu zinokusetyenziswa ekulimeni ishrimps, ishellfish, intlanzi kunye nezityalo zasemanzini. Uqulunqo lwethu oluyilelwe-isicelo lunqanda ukuqhakaza kwealgal kwaye luququzelele ukuthotywa ngokukhawuleza kweammonia kunye nenye inkunkuma ephilayo.
Uluhlu lwethu lweeMveliso zeAquaculture lubandakanya:
- I-BioClean® I-Aqua: I-BioClean® Aqua bioremediates ichibi le shrimps yehlosi ngokukhawulezisa ukubola kwe-organic compounds, ukuthintela ukuqokelelana kwe-ammonia kunye ne-hydrogen sulphide.
- I-BioClean® I-Aqua Plus: I-Penaeus vannamei igcinwe kwaye ikhuliswe kwiindawo ezixinana kakhulu kumachibi kunye namatanki. I-BioClean Aqua Plus isebenza njengokwandisa ukuxinana kwabo ngokudala indawo ezinzileyo kunye nokuthintela ukusasazeka kweebhaktheriya ze-pathogenic.
- I-BioClean® Aqua Hatchery: Le yenye yezona probiotics zibalulekileyo kwi-aquaculture njengoko igcina indawo efanelekileyo yokulima i-shrimps kwi-nauplii, zooea, kunye nezigaba ze-mysis. Ithintela ukuphuma kwevumba kunye netyhefu yombungu.
- I-Biogut Aqua: Yiprobiotic kwi-aquaculture equlethe ii-microbes ezinobuhlobo ezikhuthaza ukucolwa ngokukhawuleza kokutya kwizilwanyana zasemanzini. Kwakhona kwandisa i-immunity.
- I-BioClean® Intlanzi yaseAqua: I-BioClean® Aqua Fish inciphisa inqanaba elinyibilikayo le-nitrate kunye ne-phosphates, iphucula umgangatho wamanzi kumachibi eentlanzi, okuya kuthi ngokubuyisela kuya kukhulisa ubungakanani beentlanzi kunye nokukhuthaza iigill eziphilileyo.
- Bioflok: I-Bioflok iluncedo ekuphuculeni ukubunjwa kwe-floc ngaphakathi kweentsuku ezi-3-4. Ikhokelela ekunyukeni kobunzima bomzimba weentlanzi kunye ne-shrimp kunye nokugcina umgangatho wamanzi.
Uluhlu lwethu lweProbiotics kwi-aquaculture luqinisekiswa ngaphandle kwe-antibiotic-free nguGunyaziwe we-Coastal Aquaculture -Indiya.
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Iiprobiotics zeentlanzi kwi-aquaculture liqela lee-microorganisms eziluncedo ezinegalelo eliqinisekileyo ekukhuseleni kunye nemveliso yezinto eziphilayo zasemanzini. Iphucula ibhalansi ye-microbial yamathumbu kwizinto eziphilayo zasemanzini kwaye ibonelela ngeenzuzo ezininzi.
Iiprobiotics zentlanzi zisenokusebenza njengomhlaba wendalo webhayoloji kunye nezilungisi zamanzi (Ngokuxhomekeke koomatshini be-enzymatic) kwaye zincede ukucoca amanzi apho zihlala khona iintlanzi.
Iindidi ezahlukeneyo ze-microorganisms ezisetyenziswa njengeprobiotics kwi-aquaculture yi-Bacillus sp., Lactobacillus sp., Bifidobacterium, Enterococcus sp., Saccharomyces, njl.
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Iiprobiotics kwi-aquaculture liqela leebhaktheriya ezixhamla kwizinto eziphilayo zasemanzini ngokuphucula i-microflora yamathumbu ezinto eziphilayo zasemanzini ngokususa iintsholongwane ezinobungozi kunye neebhaktheriya eziluncedo ezinempilo ezihlala emathunjini.
Benza ubudlelwane bendalo be-symbiotic kunye nondwendwe lwabo. Iiprobiotics zibonelelwa njengesondlo sasemanzini esinokusebenza njengomthombo wezondlo kunye ne-enzymes ezinokunceda ekugayweni okungcono kokutya.
Iiprobiotics zokufuya iintlanzi ze-biofloc ziphucula amajoni omzimba ezinto eziphilayo zasemanzini ngokuvula amajoni omzimba angangqalanga, okomeleza ukhuseleko lwazo kwizifo ezininzi.
Iiprobiotics zeentlanzi zikhuphisana ne-pathogens kwi-host gut, ukunciphisa ukufikelela kwabo ekutyeni kunye nekholoni.
Baphinde bakhuphe i-antibiotics kunye nezinye i-metabolites ze-antibacterial ezinceda ekunciphiseni inani labantu be-pathogen, enceda ekukhuseleni izinto eziphilayo ezivela kwizifo ezahlukeneyo ezosulelayo.
Iiprobiotics zeentlanzi zikhupha ii-enzymes ezahlukeneyo eziluncedo ezifana ne-amylases, i-proteases, kunye ne-lipases ezinceda ekuphuculeni ukugaya kunye nokuthatha izondlo zomntu ophetheyo.
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Iiprobiotics kwi-aquaculture ziyaziwa ngeentlobo zazo ezininzi zeenzuzo, ezifana nokuphucula ukugonywa kwezinto eziphilayo, ukuphucula amandla abo okugaya, ukuphucula i-flora yamathumbu ezidalwa eziphilayo, kunye nokuphelisa izifo ezibangela izifo.
Itekhnoloji yeBiofloc isebenzisa iibhaktheriya kwimiba emibini: ukuphucula umgangatho wamanzi nokuba ngumthombo wesondlo sezinto eziphila emanzini.
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Ngaphandle kokuphucula impilo kunye nomgangatho wezinto eziphilayo zasemanzini, iiprobiotics kwiintlanzi zikwaphucula umgangatho wamanzi kwiinkqubo ze-aquaculture.
Ngexesha lokukhula kweentlanzi, kukho ukunyuka kwe-nitrogen, i-organic matter, kunye nezinye izondlo kwitanki.
Iiprobiotics ekufuyweni kweentlanzi zisebenzisa izinto eziphilayo, kunye nezondlo ezongezelelweyo ze-carbon-rich, zinceda ukugcina umlinganiselo we-C: N kunye nokunciphisa i-nitrogen concentration.
Ukugcinwa koxinaniso lwezondlo olungaphantsi komda kunceda ekuthinteleni ukukhula kobubule obuyingozi ngaphakathi kwetanki.
Ezi ntsholongwane ze-probiotic zenza i-bioflocs ngaphakathi kwetanki kwaye zibambe imathiriyeli eqinileyo enqunyanyisiweyo, ngaloo ndlela inciphisa ukungqubana kwamanzi kunye nokugcina itanki yamanzi icocekile.
Ukungena kokukhanya kwelanga emanzini kukwanceda ekugcineni umthwalo wepathogen emanzini.
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Iintlanzi okanye i-shrimps zichitha ixesha lombungu wobomi bazo kwindawo yokuqandusela, elelona nqanaba libalulekileyo lomjikelo wazo wokukhula. Imibungu inesistim sokwetyisa esingaphuhliswanga kunye ne-microflora yamathumbu, kwaye ayinasistim somzimba esisebenza ngokupheleleyo kunye nenkqubo ye-osmotic.
Kwezi meko, kuba nzima kakhulu ukumelana nalo naluphi na uhlobo loxinzelelo lomzimba, lwekhemikhali, okanye lokusingqongileyo.
Ukusetyenziswa kweeprobiotics kwiintlanzi zokuqandusela iintlanzi kunceda izigaba ze-larval zijongane neemeko ezinjalo zoxinzelelo ngokuphucula ukuphendula komzimba, ukugcina umgangatho wamanzi, kunye nokunciphisa izifo ezibangelwa izifo ezivela kwinkqubo.
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Iiprobiotics zeentlanzi zikhupha i-metabolites ethile ye-antibacterial ngokuchasene ne-pathogens, ukunciphisa inani labo ngokhuphiswano lwendalo.
Iiprobiotics zikhuphisana ngokutya, kwaye ukunamathela kwabo eludongeni lwamathumbu akuvumeli iintsholongwane ukuba zifumane isondlo sezondlo okanye ikholoni emathunjini omkhosi.
I-immunity ephuculweyo isoloko inceda ekuphatheni izifo ezibangela izifo, kwaye i-probiotics ivuselela i-immune i-immune yezinto eziphilayo zasemanzini, ifuna ukuphendula ngokukhawuleza naluphi na uhlobo lwesifo.
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Iiprobiotics zeentlanzi zihlala kumathumbu amathumbu ezinto eziphilayo zasemanzini kwaye zikhupha ii-enzymes ezininzi eziluncedo ezinjengee-amylases, iiproteases, kunye ne-lipases. Ezi enzymes ziphucula amandla okwetyiswa kwento ephilayo.
Ezi enzymes zinceda ekuqhekekeni okusebenzayo kokutya kunye nokugcinwa ngcono kwezondlo kwizinto eziphilayo eziphetheyo, ukuqinisekisa umlinganiselo ongcono wokuguqulwa kokutya.
Oku, kwakhona, kuphucula ukungakhuseleki, imveliso, kwaye, ngoko, inzuzo. Iiprobiotics kwiintlanzi zineempembelelo ezininzi kuqoqosho lwendalo yasemanzini.
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Kwiinkqubo ezininzi ze-aquaculture, iindawo zokuzala zisebenzisa imbewu yoxinaniso oluphezulu ukufumana imveliso ephezulu. Oku kuxinana okuphezulu kwembewu kubangela uxinzelelo kwimibungu kunye neentlanzi.
Iimeko ezinje ngoxinzelelo zinokukhokelela kwiinguqu ezahlukeneyo zengqondo kunye nokuziphatha kwizilwanyana zasemanzini, ukusetyenziswa kokutya, utshintsho lwehomoni, kunye noxinzelelo lomzimba.
Ukusetyenziswa kweeprobiotics zamanzi kwi-aquaculture njengesongezelelo sokutya kunceda iintlanzi ukuba zijamelane neemeko ezinjalo zoxinzelelo kunye nokuphucula amajoni abo omzimba, ukukhusela izifo kunye nokunciphisa ukufa kwabantu kwi-hatchery.
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Itekhnoloji ye-Biofloc yindlela ehambelana nokusingqongileyo ye-aquaculture apho izinto eziphilayo zasemanzini zikhuliswa kwinkqubo evalelekileyo enokubonelela okwaneleyo kwezondlo kunye neoksijini.
Le teknoloji ixhomekeke kakhulu kwii-microorganisms zokugcinwa komgangatho wamanzi ngokusebenzisa i-nitrogen eveliswa ngexesha leentlanzi kunye nokwakhiwa kwee-microbial flocs ezinokuthi zisetyenziswe njengeprotheyini yokutya kweentlanzi kunye ne-shrimps.
Ithekhnoloji ezinzileyo yokusingqongileyo njengoko ikhusela ukukhutshwa kwamanzi aqukethe izondlo ezigqithisileyo okanye i-pathogens kumzimba wamanzi wendalo.
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Itekhnoloji ye-Biofloc ivumela ukusetyenziswa kwakhona kwamanzi njengoko umgangatho wamanzi kwitanki ugcinwa yi-bacterial flocs usebenzisa i-nitrogen ekhoyo ukuze ikhule kwaye ivelise kwakhona, kwaye yenze i-flocs. Oku kunenzuzo enkulu kwezoqoqosho njengoko ukusetyenziswa kwamanzi kungumcimbi oneendleko.
Ukukhulisa izinto eziphilayo zasemanzini ngobuchwepheshe be-biofloc kubangela ukuphuculwa kobungakanani kunye nobunzima bezinto eziphila emanzini, nto leyo enika imbuyekezo ephezulu kwiimveliso. Okwesithathu, ukuthintelwa kwezifo kuthintela ilahleko ephezulu ngenxa yokufa okanye izinto eziphilayo zasemanzini ezingakhuliswanga kakuhle.
Ikwanciphisa imfuneko yamayeza okubulala iintsholongwane, ngaloo ndlela inyusa ukonga. Kuxelwe ukuba malunga ne-25 ukuya kwi-30% yokutya kwentlanzi inokuba yi-bioflocs eyenziwe kwiitanki, nto leyo enciphisa imfuno yobonelelo lokutya kweentlanzi.
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Itekhnoloji ye-Biofloc inika isisombululo kwiinkxalabo zokusingqongileyo ezibangelwa yi-aquaculture. I-microorganisms kwinkqubo evaliweyo idla i-nitrogen eqokelelwe kwitanki kunye nomthombo wekhabhoni wongezwa kwinkqubo yokukhula nokuphindaphinda.
Oku kuvumela ukusetyenziswa kwakhona kwamanzi kwitanki kwaye kuphelise utshintshiselwano lwamanzi ukwenzela ukulungelelanisa amanqanaba e-nitrogen etankini. Ukusetyenziswa kwakhona kwamanzi kule teknoloji kunciphisa umthwalo kumanzi amatsha kunye nokuchithwa kwamanzi amaninzi ngenxa yokutshintshisana kwamanzi.
Utshintshiselwano lwamanzi kwi-aquaculture yemveli ikhokelela ekukhutshelweni koxinzelelo oluphezulu lwenitrogen kwimithombo yamanzi ekhokelela kwi-eutrophication.
Ayiphelelanga nje le nto, ukusetyenziswa okucuthiweyo kwamayeza okubulala iintsholongwane kunciphisa amanqanaba ongcoliseko okuba negalelo kwezi khemikhali kwimithombo yethu yamanzi ngokunjalo.
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Iimfuno ezisisiseko zokukhula kwe-algae kukukhanya kwelanga, initrogen, kunye nephosphorus njengomthombo wesondlo. Kwinkqubo ye-aquaculture, amanzi asetyenzisiweyo akhululwa kwimilambo, amachibi, amachibi, kunye neminye imithombo yamanzi.
Oku kongeza i-organic matter, i-nutrient concentration, kunye ne-pathogens kule mizi yamanzi, okwenza iimeko ezifanelekileyo zokukhula kwe-algal kunye nokukhokelela kwi-eutrophication enzima. Itekhnoloji yeBiofloc ivumela ukusetyenziswa kwakhona kwamanzi kunye nokukhutshwa kwamanzi okuncinci.
Ke, ukunciphisa ukuqaliswa kwezondlo kumanzi endalo kuthintela iintyatyambo ze-algal kule mizi yamanzi. Iiprobiotics zokufuywa kweentlanzi ze-biofloc ezisetyenziswa kwitekhnoloji ye-biofloc, ke, inokuba nefuthe elihlala lihleli ekuthinteleni ukuqhakaza kwe-algal.
