Kajeno Aquaculture ke e 'ngoe ea tse kenyang letsoho tlhahisong ea lijo lefatšeng ka bophara. Lipalo-palo li boetse li fana ka maikutlo a hore temo ea metsing ke lekala le ntseng le hola ka potlako ha le bapisoa le litsamaiso tse ling tsa tlhahiso ea lijo.
Ho ea ka Lefapha la Litlhapi naheng ea Bangladesh, kakaretso ea tlhahiso ea litlhapi ka 2019-2020 e ne e le lithane tse limilione tse 4.23, tseo ho tsona lithane tse limilione tse 2.14 li tsoa ho tsa metsing.
Ho ipapisa le tlhoko, litloaelo tsa tlhahiso ea temo ea metsing li eketsehile ho theosa le lilemo.
Tšebeliso ea lithibela-mafu ho matlafatsa tlhahiso e ipakile e le taba e tšoenyang haholo, kaha hoo e ka bang 70-80% ea lithibela-mafu tse sebelisetsoang morero ona ke tsa batho.
Sena ha se lebise feela ho senyeha ha 'mele oa metsi empa hape se baka ho se leka-lekane ka har'a gut microbiota, e leng se fokotsang tšireletso ea tlhaho ea litlhapi tse ruuoang. Sena se tla qetella e le kotsi e ka bang teng ho bophelo bo botle ba bareki.
Li-probiotics ke lisele tse phelang tsa likokoana-hloko tse thusang ho ntlafatsa boemo ba tlhaho ba ho itšireletsa mafung le ho ama ka tsela e ntle ho hōla le ho ikatisa ha litlhapi.
Li-probiotics ka liphoofolo tsa metsing li ka felisa ho itšetleha ka lithibela-mafu, ho tsepamisa maikutlo haholo ho boloka le ho ntlafatsa boleng ba tikoloho ea ho hōlisa le ho sireletsa litlhapi likotsing tsa likokoana-hloko. Tšebeliso ea li-probiotics bakeng sa temo ea metsing e ka khanna mekhoa e tsitsitseng ea temo ea metsing.
Li-probiotics ho aquaculture li thusa tlhahiso ea li-enzyme bakeng sa tšilo ea lijo hantle le ho fetola sesole sa 'mele ho loantša libaktheria tsa pathogenic. E laola mala, e thibela bokolone ba libaktheria tsa pathogenic. Likokoana-hloko tsa probiotic li ja limatlafatsi tsohle tse hlokahalang, li siea letho hore likokoana-hloko li phele.
Ho boetse hoa hlokahala ho sebelisa li-probiotics tse loketseng bakeng sa litlhapi tse phelang metsing ho itšetlehile ka mefuta ea litlhapi le boholo ba tsona. Probiotic e ka eketsoa e le 'ngoe kapa e kopane bakeng sa mofuta o itseng.
Melemo ea li-probiotics bakeng sa litlhapi tsa aquaculture e bontša hore ke mokhoa o nepahetseng oa ho thibela lithibela-mafu le lik'hemik'hale.
Rona ho Organica Biotech re batho ba fetolang papali ea hau. Mefuta ea rona ea li-probiotics ke tšebelisano e rarahaneng ea likokoana-hloko le li-enzyme tse ntlafatsang maemo a khōliso le ho matlafatsa bophelo bo botle le sekhahla sa kholo.
Litharollo tsa rona li ka sebelisoa temong ea li-shrimp, shellfish, tlhapi le limela tsa metsing. Moetso oa rona o etselitsoeng ts'ebeliso o thibela ho thunya ha algal mme o thusa ho senyeha ka potlako ha ammonia le litšila tse ling tsa tlhaho.
Mefuta ea rona ea lihlahisoa tsa Aquaculture e kenyelletsa:
- BioClean® Metsi: BioClean® Aqua bioremediates letamo la li-tiger shrimps ka ho potlakisa ho bola ha metsoako ea lintho tse phelang, ho thibela ho bokellana ha ammonia le hydrogen sulphide.
- BioClean® Aqua Plus: Penaeus vannamei e na le thepa e ngata 'me e lengoa ka har'a matangoana le litanka. BioClean Aqua Plus e sebetsa joalo ka matlafatso ea letsoalo la bona le ntseng le eketseha ka ho theha tikoloho e tšoarellang le ho thibela ho ata ha libaktheria tsa pathogenic.
- BioClean® Aqua Hatchery: Ena ke e 'ngoe ea li-probiotics tse bohlokoa ka ho fetisisa temong ea metsing kaha e boloka tikoloho e nepahetseng bakeng sa ho lema li-shrimps methating ea nauplii, zooea le mysis. E thibela ho tsoa ha monko le chefo ea larval.
- Biogut Aqua: Ke probiotic in aquaculture e nang le likokoana-hloko tse botsoalle tse khothalletsang tšilo ea lijo ka potlako liphoofolong tse phelang metsing. E boetse e eketsa ho itšireletsa mafung.
- BioClean® Tlhapi ea Aqua: BioClean® Aqua Fish e fokotsa boemo bo qhibilihisitsoeng ba nitrate le phosphates, ho ntlafatsa boleng ba metsi matangoaneng a litlhapi, e leng ho tla matlafatsa boholo ba litlhapi le ho khothalletsa li-gill tse phetseng hantle.
- Bioflok: Bioflok e thusa ho ntlafatsa sebopeho sa floc nakong ea matsatsi a 3-4. E lebisa ho boima ba 'mele bo eketsehileng ba litlhapi le shrimp le ho boloka boleng ba metsi.
Mefuta ea rona ea li-Probiotics ho aquaculture e netefalitsoe ntle le lithibela-mafu ke Lekhotla la Coastal Aquaculture -India.
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Li-probiotics bakeng sa litlhapi tsa aquaculture ke sehlopha sa likokoana-hloko tse molemo tse tlatsetsang ka mokhoa o nepahetseng ho itšireletsa mafung le tlhahiso ea lintho tse phelang metsing. E ntlafatsa ho leka-lekana ha likokoana-hloko tse phelang metsing 'me e fana ka melemo e mengata.
Li-probiotics bakeng sa litlhapi li ka boela tsa sebetsa e le mobu oa tlhaho oa tlhaho le li-conditioner tsa metsi (Ho itšetlehile ka mechine ea tsona ea enzymatic) le ho thusa ho hloekisa metsi moo litlhapi li lulang teng.
Mefuta e fapaneng ea likokoana-hloko tse sebelisoang e le li-probiotics ka metsing ke Bacillus sp., Lactobacillus sp., Bifidobacterium, Enterococcus sp., Saccharomyces, joalo-joalo.
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Li-probiotics tsa aquaculture ke sehlopha sa libaktheria tse ruisang lintho tse phelang metsing ka ho ntlafatsa mala a microflora a lintho tse phelang metsing ka ho nkela likokoana-hloko tse kotsi sebaka ka libaktheria tse molemo tse phelang hantle tse lulang mala.
Ba theha kamano ea tlhaho ea symbiotic le moamoheli oa bona. Li-probiotics li fanoa e le lijo tsa metsing tse ka sebetsang e le mohloli oa limatlafatsi le li-enzyme tse ka thusang tšilong e ntle ea lijo.
Li-probiotics bakeng sa temo ea tlhapi ea biofloc li ntlafatsa sesole sa 'mele sa likokoana-hloko tsa metsing ka ho kenya ts'ireletso ea 'mele e sa tobang, ho matlafatsa tšireletso ea bona khahlanong le mafu a mangata.
Li-probiotics bakeng sa litlhapi li qothisana lehlokoa le likokoana-hloko tse ka har'a mala a mangata, li fokotsa monyetla oa ho fumana lijo le likolone.
Li boetse li hlahisa lithibela-mafu le li-metabolite tse ling tsa antibacterial tse thusang ho fokotsa palo ea batho ba pathogen, e thusang ho sireletsa likokoana-hloko tse tsoang ho mafu a sa tšoaneng a tšoaetsanoang.
Li-probiotic bakeng sa litlhapi li hlahisa li-enzyme tse fapaneng tse sebetsang joalo ka li-amylase, li-protease le lipase tse thusang ho ntlafatsa tšilo ea lijo le ho amohela limatlafatsi 'meleng.
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Li-probiotics tsa liphoofolo tse phelang metsing li tsejoa ka melemo ea tsona e mengata, joalo ka ho matlafatsa tšireletso ea likokoana-hloko, ho ntlafatsa matla a tsona a ho sila lijo, ho ntlafatsa limela tsa mala a likokoana-hloko, le ho felisa likokoana-hloko tse bakang mafu.
Theknoloji ea Biofloc e sebelisa libaktheria likarolong tse peli: ho ntlafatsa boleng ba metsi le ho ba mohloli oa lijo bakeng sa lintho tse phelang metsing.
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Ntle le ho ntlafatsa bophelo bo botle le boleng ba lintho tse phelang metsing, li-probiotics bakeng sa litlhapi li boetse li ntlafatsa boleng ba metsi lits'ebetsong tsa metsing.
Nakong eo tlhapi e ntseng e hola ka eona, ho ba le keketseho ea nitrogen, organic matter le limatlafatsi tse ling ka tankeng.
Li-probiotics temong ea litlhapi li ja lintho tse phelang, 'me ha li eketsoa ka limatlafatsi tse nang le carbon e ngata, li thusa ho boloka tekanyo ea C: N le ho fokotsa nitrogen concentration.
Ho boloka matla a limatlafatsi ka tlase ho moeli ho thusa ho thibela ho mela ha bolele bo kotsi ka har'a tanka.
Likokoana-hloko tsena tsa probiotic li etsa li-bioflocs ka har'a tanka ebe li ts'oara lintho tse tiileng tse fanyehiloeng, ka hona li fokotsa moferefere oa metsi le ho boloka tanka ea metsi e hloekile.
Ho kenella ha khanya ea letsatsi ka metsing ho boetse ho thusa ho boloka phathogen e ngata metsing.
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Litlhapi kapa li-shrimp li qeta nako e telele ea bophelo ba tsona li le ka har'a li-hatchery, e leng karolo ea bohlokoa ka ho fetisisa ea potoloho ea tsona ea ho hōla. Li-larvae li na le tsamaiso e sa ntlafalang ea tšilo ea lijo le microflora ea mala, 'me ha li na sesole se sebetsang ka botlalo le sistimi ea osmotic.
Maemong ana, ho ba thata haholo ho sebetsana ka katleho le mofuta ofe kapa ofe oa khatello ea 'mele, ea lik'hemik'hale kapa ea tikoloho.
Tšebeliso ea li-probiotics bakeng sa li-hatcheries tsa litlhapi li thusa mekhahlelo ea larval ho sebetsana le maemo a joalo a khatello ea kelello ka ho ntlafatsa karabelo ea 'mele ea ho itšireletsa mafung, ho boloka boleng ba metsi, le ho fokotsa likokoana-hloko tse bakang mafu ho tsoa tsamaisong.
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Li-probiotics bakeng sa litlhapi li hlahisa li-metabolite tse khethehileng tsa antibacterial khahlanong le likokoana-hloko, ho fokotsa baahi ba tsona ka tlhōlisano ea tlhaho.
Li-probiotics li qothisana lehlokoa le lijo, 'me ho khomarela ha tsona leboteng la mala ho thibela likokoana-hloko ho fumana phepelo ea limatlafatsi kapa kolone ka maleng a moeti.
Tšireletso e matlafetseng ea ho itšireletsa mafung kamehla e thusa ho sebetsana le likokoana-hloko tse bakang mafu, 'me li-probiotics li susumetsa tšireletso ea tlhaho ea likokoana-hloko tsa metsing, e leng se etsang hore karabelo ea hang-hang ho mofuta ofe kapa ofe oa lefu lena.
Bona liphetho tsa mapolasi a sebetsang ho rona Thuto ea nyeoe ea tilapia ea Thailand, moo boleng ba metsi le bophelo bo botle ba litlhapi li ntlafetseng.
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Li-probiotic bakeng sa litlhapi li bokella mala a ka mpeng ea lintho tse phelang metsing 'me li ntša li-enzyme tse ngata tse molemo tse kang li-amylase, liprotheine le lipase. Li-enzyme tsena li ntlafatsa matla a ho sila a sebōpuoa se amohelang.
Li-enzyme tsena li thusa ho senyeha ha phepo hantle le ho boloka limatlafatsi ka har'a lintho tse phelang, ho etsa bonnete ba hore phepelo e fetoha hantle.
Sena, le sona, se ntlafatsa ho itšireletsa mafung, tlhahiso, 'me, ka hona, phaello. Li-probiotics bakeng sa litlhapi li na le phello e fapaneng ho moruo oa liphoofolo tsa metsing.
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Litsamaisong tse ngata tsa temo ea metsing, li-hatcheries li sebelisa peo e matla haholo ho fumana tlhahiso e phahameng. Peo ena e matla haholo e baka khatello ea maikutlo ho larvae le litlhapi.
Maemo a joalo a sithabetsang a ka lebisa liphetohong tse fapaneng tsa kelello le boitšoaro ho liphoofolo tsa metsing, tšebeliso ea lijo, liphetoho tsa li-hormone, le immunosuppression.
Tšebeliso ea li-probiotics tsa metsi ho aquaculture e le tlatsetso ea lijo e thusa litlhapi ho sebetsana ka katleho le maemo a joalo a khatello ea kelello le ho matlafatsa tsamaiso ea 'mele ea bona ea ho itšireletsa mafung, ho thibela maloetse le ho fokotsa ho shoa ha li-hatchery.
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Theknoloji ea Biofloc ke mokhoa o sebetsang hantle oa tikoloho oa temo ea metsing moo lintho tse phelang metsing li holisoang ka har'a sistimi e koetsoeng e nang le phepo e lekaneng ea limatlafatsi le oksijene.
Theknoloji ena e itšetlehile haholo ka likokoana-hloko bakeng sa ho boloka boleng ba metsi ka ho sebelisa naetrojene e hlahisoang nakong ea setso sa litlhapi le ho thehoa ha likokoana-hloko tse ka sebelisoang e le lijo tsa protheine ke litlhapi le li-shrimp.
Ke theknoloji e tsitsitseng ea tikoloho kaha e thibela ho tsoa ha metsi a nang le limatlafatsi tse feteletseng kapa likokoana-hloko ho kena 'meleng oa metsi a tlhaho.
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Theknoloji ea Biofloc e lumella ho sebelisoa ha metsi hape ha boleng ba metsi ka tanka bo bolokoa ke lihlopha tsa baktheria tse sebelisang naetrojene e teng ho hola le ho ikatisa, le ho theha lihlopha. Sena se na le molemo o moholo oa moruo kaha tšebeliso ea metsi ke taba e bitsang chelete e ngata.
Ho hōlisa likokoana-hloko tsa metsing ka theknoloji ea biofloc ho fella ka boholo bo ntlafetseng le boima ba lintho tse phelang metsing, ho fana ka phaello e phahameng bakeng sa lihlahisoa. Ntlha ea boraro, thibelo ea mafu e thibela tahlehelo e kholo ka lebaka la lefu kapa likokoana-hloko tse sa hōlang ka metsing.
E boetse e fokotsa tlhokahalo ea lithibela-mafu, kahoo e eketsa chelete. Ho tlalehoa hore hoo e ka bang 25 ho isa ho 30% ea lijo tsa tlhapi e ka ba bioflocs e entsoeng ka litanka, e leng se fokotsang tlhokahalo ea phepelo ea lijo tsa litlhapi.
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Theknoloji ea Biofloc e fana ka tharollo mathateng a tikoloho a bakoang ke temo ea metsing. Likokoana-hloko tse ka har'a sistimi e koetsoeng li ja naetrojene e bokeletsoeng ka tankeng hammoho le mohloli oa khabone o kentsoeng tsamaisong ho hola le ho ikatisa.
Sena se lumella ho sebelisoa hape ha metsi a tanka le ho felisa phapanyetsano ea metsi e le ho leka-lekanya maemo a naetrojene a tanka. Ho sebelisoa hape ha metsi ka theknoloji ena ho fokotsa mojaro oa metsi a hloekileng le ho senyeha ha metsi a mangata ka lebaka la phapanyetsano ea metsi.
Phapanyetsano ea metsi ka har'a temo ea metsing ea setso e lebisa ho ntšeng metsi a mangata a naetrojene metsing a lebisang ho eutrophication.
Eseng sena feela, tšebeliso e fokotsehileng ea lithibela-mafu e fokotsa maemo a tšilafalo a tlatselitsoeng ke lik'hemik'hale tsena mehloling ea rona ea metsi.
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Litlhoko tsa mantlha tsa kholo ea algae ke khanya ea letsatsi, naetrojene, le phosphorus e le mohloli oa limatlafatsi. Tsamaisong ea aquaculture, metsi a sebelisitsoeng a lokolloa linōkeng, matangoaneng, matšeng le libakeng tse ling tsa metsi.
Sena se eketsa lintho tse phelang, kholiso ea limatlafatsi le likokoana-hloko metsing ana a metsi, e leng se etsang hore ho be le maemo a loketseng bakeng sa kholo ea algal le ho lebisa ho eutrophication e matla. Theknoloji ea Biofloc e lumella ho sebelisoa hape ha metsi le bonyane ba ho ntša metsi.
Ka hona, ho fokotsa ho kenngoa ha limatlafatsi metsing a tlhaho a metsi ho thibela lithunthung tsa algal metsing ana a metsi. Li-probiotics bakeng sa temo ea litlhapi tsa biofloc tse sebelisoang theknoloji ea biofloc, ka hona, li ka ba le phello e tšoarellang ho thibela lithunthung tsa algal.
